Nafplio, also known as Nafplion, Navplio, Navplion and others is a seaport town located in the Peloponnese, in Greece. The town was a port of great importance and was held under a variety of royal houses during the Medieval Era as a part od the lordship of Argos and Nauplia. Following the forth crusade it was ruled by the de la Roche before coming under the control of the Republic of Venice and lastly by the Ottoman Empire.

The town was the capital of the First Hellenic Republic and of the Kingdom of Greece, from the start of the Greek Revolution in 1821 until 1834.